Quarterly Journal of Science and Practice
Anton V. Anisimov, Elena D. Lutsay
Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет, Оренбург, Россия
The purpose of this work is to review the available domestic and foreign scientific literature on the features of anatomy and diagnosis of diseases of the salivary glands. Materials and methods. With the help of empirical and theo- retical generalization of data, information from publications in electronic databases is collected Elibrary.ru, CyberLenin- ka, Google scholar, PubMed, much attention was paid to modern scientific articles for 2018–2023. Results. Recently, there has been a tendency towards a slow but steady increase in the number of diseases of the salivary glands. There is also the development of new diagnostic methods that allow to identify individual features of the structure and localiza- tion of the salivary glands, detect pathological changes and help with the choice of subsequent management tactics for patients with diseases of the salivary glands. Conclusion. The main place in diagnostics is occupied by sialography, but in order to increase the information content of the study, many combinations of sialography with other diagnostic meth- ods are used – CT sialography, sialosonography, sialotomography, digital subtraction sialography. With a relatively low incidence and a variety of morphological types, the frequency of diagnostic errors is 7–46 %. In 58.5 % of cases, doctors have difficulties in the differential diagnosis of malignant neoplasms of the salivary glands with chronic inflammatory le- sions during the initial examination. Tumors of the salivary glands have specific proportions in the sexual structure, have a different peak prevalence, and also occur with different frequency in large and small salivary glands. This reflects the dependence of the development of neoplasms on hormonal background, age, and somatic diseases and other internal and external factors.
salivary gland, sialology, anatomical features, sialography, tumor
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